Baggage and parcel handling system and method

ABSTRACT

Described herein are systems and methods for baggage or parcel handling. The system includes an automated bag unloading cell, a container roller deck positioned in the automated unloading cell. The container roller deck includes a roller deck base and a deck frame. The deck frame can selectively support and transfer a container housing a bag or parcel. The deck frame can selectively rotate about a deck frame axis of rotation relative to the roller deck base. The deck frame is operable to selectively release the bag or parcel from the container. The container roller deck can also include an index table in communication with the deck frame. The index table can be operable to receive the bag or parcel released from the container. The index table can include at least one index table conveyor operable to selectively advance the bag or parcel from the index table to a first transfer device.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.62/988,574, filed on Mar. 12, 2020, the entire content of which ishereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

In today's global and fast-moving economies the handling of parcels andbaggage associated with passenger mass transit, and in particular airtravel, continues to rely in large part on a person to sort, stack, loadand unload parcels and baggage.

Passenger checked bags returning to and re-entering an airport terminalare often housed in containers, commonly called unit load devices (ULDs)which, depending on the size of the airplane, may travel with the planeand be unloaded as a single unit. In smaller airplanes, the bags mayenter the plane individually with the assistance of a ground level,mobile belt conveyor. In these instances, the bags are often removedfrom the plane through a similar mobile, belt conveyor into ULDs orother containers for travel into the airport terminal.

Conventional luggage arrival systems include manually intensiveoperations where human operators must remove each bag from the containerand place the bag on a conveyor, or multiple conveyors, which isphysically demanding and time consuming. Automating these bag unloadingoperations has proven difficult. This is due to many reasons, includingthe almost unlimited differences in the sizes, shapes, rigidity,volumes, and weights of passenger bags. For example, the high variationin the physical characteristics of passenger bags has made it verydifficult to automate, for example using programmable robots, thephysical loading and unloading of all bags into the baggage containersor delivery carts for transport from the airplane gate and inside theairport terminal for processing and delivery to passengers.

There is a need for devices and methods that would solve or improve onthese difficulties and disadvantages in unloading and handling passengerchecked bags on arrival into an airport, or other facility, forprocessing and delivery to passengers. These improvements are alsoapplicable in other applications, for example airport baggage sortationsystems used for connecting flights.

SUMMARY

Disclosed herein is a baggage or parcel handling system havingparticular usefulness and efficiency at airports where thousands ofpassengers and checked bags an hour are processed. It is understood thatwhat is taught herein is useful in other applications, for example,airport baggage transfer areas, passenger rail or cruise arrivalcenters, as well as packages and cargo shipping and distributionfacilities.

In one exemplary embodiment, a handling system and method of operationincludes an airport terminal bag arrival area which includes bag arrivaland transfer areas. In one example of use in a terminal bag arrivalarea, the terminal bag arrival area includes at least one automated bagunloading cell and a manual or semi-automated unloading cell incommunication with the automated unloading cell.

In some embodiments of an automated unloading cell, baggage deliverycarts are connected together to form “trains” of single-file deliverycarts pulled by transfer vehicles, commonly called tuggers. The deliverycarts each carry one or more onboard containers, for example unit loaddevices (ULDs) or other baggage containers, filled with checkedpassenger bags recently unloaded from an arriving airplane.

In some exemplary embodiments, each delivery cart is sequentiallyaligned with a container roller deck positioned in the automatedunloading station. On verification of proper alignment between thedelivery cart and the container roller deck, the filled container isautomatically transferred from the delivery cart to a deck frame. In oneembodiment, a powered roller platform is used to engage the containerand transfer it to the deck frame without human intervention (nophysical lifting and transferring of bags in the automated unloadingstation).

In some exemplary embodiments, the container roller deck rotates thedeck frame from a first position to a second position, approximately65-70 degrees, thereby urging the bags by gravitational force from thecontainer toward, and partially onto, an index table connected to thedeck frame. The index table is then rotated down relative to the deckframe until the index table is approximately horizontal. In someexemplary embodiments, at least a number of the bags positioned on theindex table are transferred from the container toward a first transferdevice conveyor in a manner described below.

In response to an event or time, the deck frame is then rotated from thefirst position by approximately 20-30 degrees toward the secondposition, to further urge the remaining bags onto the index table.Thereafter, the deck frame can be rotated back to its original or firstposition where the empty container can be transferred to a delivery cartand a new container filled with bags can be loaded into the deck framefor unloading. In some exemplary embodiments, the index table includes aplurality of, individually advanceable lateral belt conveyors toselectively move the supported bags toward and onto a first deliverytransfer device, for example a first transfer belt conveyor in directcommunication with bag carousels where passengers reacquire their bags.

In some exemplary embodiments of the index table, at least two beltconveyors are activated to advance each bag supported by that particularbelt conveyor onto the transfer belt conveyor. This advantageously, atleast in part, serves to sequence, each bag at a desired distance fromone another on the transfer conveyor belt to aid further processing, forexample bag security or re-entry screening.

In some exemplary embodiments, one or more singulation conveyor beltsare positioned along the first transfer belt conveyor so as to furtherassist in sequencing and positioning the bags to a desired distance fromone another as described above.

In some exemplary embodiments, a manual or semi-automated unloading cellis used in communication with the automated unloading cell describedabove. In the example manual unloading cell, human operators are used tomanually unload the containers which contain, for example, bags or cargothat are not suitable for automated unloading in the automated unloadingstation. The manual unloading cell further serves as a back-up in theevent a malfunction, maintenance or other condition prevents use of theautomated unloading station. Bags processed through the manual unloadingstation are placed on a second transfer device, for example, a secondtransfer belt conveyor that is in communication with the first transferdevice described above. The manual unloading cell may also include oneor more forms of automation, for example robotic or other programmabledevices to provide semi-automated operations.

In some exemplary embodiments, a screening device is positioned incommunication with the first and second transfer devices to selectivelyprovide the necessary security, or customs screening or both, of thebags depending on one or more factors, for example if the bags arrivedfrom an international flight or other point of origin of interest orelevated risk.

In some exemplary embodiments, a carousel diverter device is used toautomatically divert or route selected bags toward a selected carouselfeeder conveyor. Each feeder conveyor is in communication with a singlebaggage carousel for transport of the selectively diverted bags to theirfinal destination at a desired bag carousel, for example designated fora particular arriving flight.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The skilled artisan will understand that the drawings are primarily forillustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of thesubject matter described herein. The drawings are not necessarily toscale; in some instances, various aspects of the subject matterdisclosed herein may be shown exaggerated or enlarged in the drawings tofacilitate an understanding of different features. In the drawings, likereference characters generally refer to like features (e.g.,functionally similar or structurally similar elements).

The foregoing and other features and advantages provided by the presentdisclosure will be more fully understood from the following descriptionof exemplary embodiments when read together with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary baggage arrival handlingsystem in an exemplary airport;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an exemplary automated unloading cellincluding an exemplary container roller deck and exemplary index tablein a second position and without a roller platform;

FIG. 3A is another perspective view of exemplary automated unloadingcell with an exemplary roller platform;

FIG. 4 is an exemplary exploded perspective view of a container rollerdeck as taught herein;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary container roller deckillustrating a roller deck frame in a first position supporting twocontainers and an index table in a first position;

FIG. 6A is a side view of an exemplary container roller deckillustrating a roller deck frame in a second position and an index tablein a first position;

FIG. 6B is another side view of an exemplary container roller deckillustrating a deck frame in a second position and an index table in asecond position;

FIG. 6C is an another side view of an exemplary container rollerillustrating a deck frame in a first position and an index tablerotating back to the first position;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary control system for anexemplary baggage and parcel handling system and method of operation astaught herein; and

FIG. 8 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating steps for an exemplarymethod for unloading bags as taught herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIGS. 1-8 examples of a baggage and parcel handling systemand methods are described. In some embodiments, the system and methodstaught herein are advantageous in a high-volume quantity, mass transitpassenger airport baggage arrival area where passenger checked bags areunloaded from airplanes and routed to passenger carousels for pick-up.In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein areadvantageous in a high-volume quantity parcel and package environment.In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein areadvantageous in outbound baggage sortation systems for handlingpassenger bags for connecting flights. In some embodiments, the systemand methods taught herein are advantageous in mass transit or largemunicipal trains, busses, and sea travel facilities. In someembodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous incontainer or other cargo receipt, handling and/or distribution centers.

As used herein, the terms bag, bags, baggage or luggage refer toreceived passenger bags or luggage, as well to other parcels, packages,containers, boxes, and other structures which are received at acommercial facility, for example an airport.

To facilitate description of the systems and methods disclosed herein,an airport environment using passenger bags is used. Nonetheless, thesystems and methods disclosed herein are equally applicable to otherlogistic operations that may handle and move large volumes of packagesor parcels.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an exemplary baggage and parcel arrivalhandling system 10 is shown, for example, in a mass transit or largemunicipal airport 14. System 10 includes a terminal baggage arrival area16 where transfer vehicles (commonly called tuggers) 20 transfer one ormore delivery carts 22 each carrying one container 18 housing aplurality of passenger bags 23 along a path of travel 24 as furtherdescribed below.

Exemplary system 10 includes at least one automated unloading cell 26positioned in the baggage arrival area adjacent to the path of travel 24(see for example FIGS. 5 and 6). As shown in FIG. 2, automated unloadingcell 26 is positioned adjacent and in communication with a firsttransfer device 30, for example a conveyor belt (as shown) and furtherdescribed below. The automated unloading cell 26 is operable toautomatically unload the bags from the delivery carts 22 and positionthe bags on a first transfer device 30 with no, or minimal, humanoperator intervention as further described below.

In some embodiments, system 10 includes a manual unloading cell 34 thatis positioned in the baggage arrival area 16 downstream of the automatedunloading cell 26 as illustrated in FIG. 1. In some embodiments, system10 includes a manual unloading cell 34 that is positioned in the baggagearrival area 16 upstream of the automated unloading cell 26. In someembodiments, the manual unloading cell 34 is positioned adjacent asecond transfer device, for example a belt conveyor 38, as shown in FIG.2, which merges with the first transfer device 30 to continue as asingle transfer conveyor 40 as generally shown and further describedbelow.

In some embodiments, the system 10 further includes a bag scanningsystem 44 positioned along transfer conveyor 40 upstream of a securityscreening device 46 whereby the bags 23 pass through the screeningdevice 46 and are screened for illicit or other hazardous materialsfurther described below.

Referring to FIG. 1, in some embodiments, system 10 further includes acarousel diverter device 50 which serves to selectively divert bags 23to an assigned or designated one of a plurality of baggage carousels 58(three shown) where passengers pick-up or reacquire their bags 23. Oneor more of baggage carousels 58 may be designated by a predeterminedmetric, for example by incoming flight number. The diverter device 50operates to selectively divert bags to the designated carousel asdetermined by an arrival area control system 114 described further belowand illustrated in FIG. 7.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, tin some embodiments he system 10 includes aplurality of delivery carts 22 each operable to support and transport acontainer filled with bags 23 for delivery to the terminal bag arrivalarea 16. As described above, the delivery carts are moved along path oftravel 24 and are positioned adjacent and aligned with an automatedunload cell 26 for unloading of the plurality of bags. In someembodiments, each delivery cart 22 includes a horizontal base, verticalend walls on the front and rear ends, and a canopy or roof extendingbetween the vertical end walls. The base, vertical end walls and canopydefine at least one open side, opposing open sides defining an interiorcavity of size to receive, for example, a container 18 housing aplurality of arriving bags 23. Three or more wheels support the baseallowing the delivery cart 22 to travel on a hard ground surface. Ahitch of the connector device allows the lead delivery cart 22 toremovably connect to a transfer vehicle 20, and to connect additionaldelivery carts 22 to form a “train” of delivery carts.

In some embodiments, each delivery cart 22 includes a roller platformdevice operable to move the container(s) 18 into and out of the deliverycart 22 as further described below. Other structures, forms, componentsand configurations for the construction and function of the deliverycarts 22 to suit the particular application and performance requirementsmay be used. In some embodiments, the container 18 is in the form of aunit load device (ULD). Other forms of containers having at least oneopen, or openable (normally vertical) side for passage of bagstherethrough as further described below may be used. As noted above, insome embodiments, e ULD dollies, loose baggage trailers, and otherdevices may be used. In some embodiments, the delivery carts 22 may besupported and propulsion provided by, an autonomous automated guidedvehicle (AGV) which is controlled, navigated and/or directed by an AGVinternal control system and/or an area central control system 118.

Referring to FIGS. 3, 3A and 4, an exemplary baggage container rollerdeck 70 is illustrated. In some embodiments, the baggage containerroller deck 70 is used in an exemplary system 10. In some embodiments,the baggage container roller deck 70 includes a generally square orrectangular-shaped rotatable deck frame 76. In some embodiments, thedeck frame 76 includes pillars 80 (four shown), longitudinalcross-members 84 (four shown), lateral cross-members 90 (four shown) andone or more container stops 96 (two shown). In some embodiments, thepillars 80 and cross-members 84, 90 form a rigid frame structure.

In some embodiments, the deck frame 76 includes an open front side 100for receiving baggage containers 18 housing the bags 23 (describedbelow) and an opposing, substantially open rear side 106 allowing forbags 23 to pass through as further described below. Additional and/oralternate pillars, cross-members, structures, configurations,orientations and materials may be used for the deck frame 76.

Still referring to FIGS. 3, 3A, and 4, in some embodiments, thecontainer roller deck 70 includes a deck base 110 for securelysupporting deck frame 76. As shown in FIG. 4, the deck base 110 includesrigid longitudinal cross-members 111A (two shown) and lateralcross-members 111B (two shown) which are fixedly secured to a groundsurface. The deck base 110 can include additional and/or alternatestructures, configurations and orientations.

In some embodiments, the container roller deck 70, and the deck frame 76define an axis of rotation 112 (FIGS. 3 and 4) allowing the deck frame76 to rotate relative to the deck base 110 as described further below.In some embodiments, an axle 113 longitudinally extends from both sidesof the deck frame 76 as generally illustrated. In some embodiments, oneend of the axle 113 is received in a deck frame drive device 116 mountedto the deck frame 110 (FIG. 4). The opposing end of the axle 113 isreceived and engaged in a bearing housing and support connected to thedeck base 110.

In some embodiments, the deck drive 116 is a bi-directional (clockwiseand counterclockwise) electric motor in communication with arrival areacontrol system 118. Deck drive 116 receives and engages one end of theaxle 113. The control system 118 selectively activates or energizes thedeck drive device 116 to selectively rotate the deck frame 76 about theaxis of rotation 112 as further described below. It is understood thatthat the deck frame axle 113 configuration and engagement between theaxle 113 and the deck drive 116 can take other forms, structures andengagement schemes. It is further understood that the describedexemplary electric motor for the deck drive 116 can take otherstructures, devices and forms effective to rotate the deck frame 76about the axis of rotation 112 in the manner described below.

In some embodiments, the container roller deck 70, and an index table150 (described further below), are operated and controlled by a local orcontainer roller deck control system 118A in communication with thearrival area control system 118. The container roller deck controlsystem 118A includes one or more of the components shown in FIG. 7 andfurther includes software, operating systems and other features andfunctions described for control system 118. Control system 118A, as wellas the other control systems generally described herein, are incommunication with one another, include one or more of the components,software and operating systems in FIG. 7, are collectively referred toherein as control system 118 for ease of description and/orillustration.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6A-6C, an example of rotational movement ofdeck frame 76. In some embodiments, the deck frame 76 can include anattached powered roller platform 120 as illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 4.In an exemplary embodiment of the automated unloading cell 26, forexample, the beginning of an automated baggage unloading cycle, the deckframe 76 is positioned in a first position 134 shown in FIG. 5 with thedeck frame 76 in a generally upright or vertical position relative tothe deck base 110. As illustrated in FIG. 6A and as further describedbelow, when initiated or energized by, for example the area controlsystem 118, the deck drive 116 rotates the deck frame 76 about the axisof rotation 112 from the first position 134 to a second position 136. Insome embodiments, the deck frame 76 can be rotated approximately 65-70degrees from the first position 134 to the second position 136. It isunderstood that the second position 136 may be at alternate greater orlesser angles, for example 45, 55, 75, 80, 85 or 90 degrees(substantially horizontal).

As further described below, in some embodiments, onactivation/re-energizing of the deck drive 116, for example by the areacontrol system 118, the deck drive 116 rotates the deck frame 76 fromthe second position 136 to a third position 138 as illustrated in FIG.6B. In some embodiments, the deck frame 76 can be rotated approximately25-30 degrees from the second position 136 back toward the firstposition 134, until the deck frame 76 reaches the third position 138. Asfurther described below, in some embodiments, on activation of the deckdrive 116 by the control system 118, the deck frame 76 is rotated fromthe third position 138 back to the first position 134 as seen in FIGS. 5and 6C. Stops 140 may be connected to deck base 110 to abuttingly engagethe deck frame 76 returning to the first position 134 to prevent furtherrotational movement. Other angular positions for the first position 134,the second position 136, and third position 138, and angular movementsor paths of travel, for the deck frame 76 suitable for the applicationand performance specifications may be used.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 4, in some embodiments, the deck frame 76includes a powered roller platform 120 operable to engage and transfercontainers 18 housing into and out of, the deck frame 76 as furtherdescribed below. The powered roller platform 120 includes a relativelylow profile base 124 having a longitudinal axis generally parallel tothe deck frame axis of rotation 112. A plurality of elongated rollers128 are rotatably connected to the base 124 and are rotatable relativeto the base 124. In some embodiments, the powered roller platform 120 isa separate device that is removably, but securely connected to the deckframe 76. In some embodiments, the powered roller platform 120 may beintegral to, or built into, the deck frame 76.

In some embodiments, rollers 128 rotate about respective axes parallelto the longitudinal axis thereby assisting movement of the baggagecontainers 18 in a direction 92 transverse to the longitudinal axis 86(see FIG. 3A). It is understood that different forms, greater or lessernumbers, types, and configuration of rollers 128 may be used. Rollers128 may further have different orientation and rotation relative to base124 to suit the application.

In some embodiments, the powered roller platform 120 includes theinternal control system 130 generally including executable andconfiguration software as well as several, or all, of the hardwarecomponents shown in FIG. 7, and as described for control systems 118 and118A, and as further described below. In some embodiments, the poweredroller platform 120 includes one or more actuators, for example,electric motors 210, connected to the rollers 128 to selectively rotatethe rollers 128 in a selected direction (laterally into or out of deckframe 76) relative to the base 124. Platform control system 130 can bein communication with the arrival area control system 118 and mayreceive hardwire or wireless signals to engage/energize ordisengage/de-energize the actuator(s) 210, as well as the direction ofthe rotation, according to preprogrammed software and/or instructions inthe area control system 118 and/or the platform control system 130. Thepowered roller platform 120 and/or the roller deck 70 may furtherinclude one or more sensors 212 to, for example, detect if the container18 is positioned correctly or incorrectly on the powered roller platform120. In some embodiments, the one or more sensors 212 can be opticalsensors. Other components, devices, and/or configurations of the poweredroller platform 120 may be included to suit the particular applicationand performance requirements.

Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, each exemplary delivery cart 22 caninclude a roller platform connected to the delivery cart base or floorunder the canopy. The delivery cart roller platform may be of similarcomponents and construction described for the deck frame 76 and thepowered roller platform 120. In some embodiments, the delivery cartroller platform can include rollers that are not powered by a powersource and actuators as described for the powered roller platform 120.Instead, the delivery cart roller platform rollers can be idler rollers,which may freely rotate under a transverse or lateral load on therollers.

In some embodiments, system 10, a secondary or parasitic drive-typedevice can be used to aid in the automated transfer of the container 18between the respective delivery carts 22 and the deck frame 76. In someembodiments, the powered roller platform 120 includes a rotatable shaftthat can automatically be extended and engage a cooperative receptacleon the delivery cart roller platform. The rotatable shaft can beautomatically extended when, for example, sensors or other visiondevices confirm and verify the horizontal (x coordinate direction) andvertical (z coordinate direction) alignment of the delivery cart 22 tothe deck frame 76. In some embodiments, the sensors can be opticalsensors.

The delivery cart roller platform rollers are connected to an internalroller drive device, which is connected to the rollers. On engagement ofthe extended rotatable shaft with the delivery cart roller platformreceptacle, and activation of the powered roller platform 120, forexample by the central control system 118, the rotatable shaft transfersrotation to the delivery cart roller platform receptacle and rotates thedelivery cart rollers in a coordinated direction (either to move acontainer 18 toward the powered roller platform 120 or away from thepowered roller platform 120 into the delivery cart 22). One or moresensors and/or vision devices may be used to monitor and verify receiptand proper positioning of the container 18 on one of the powered rollerplatform 120 or the delivery cart 22. In some embodiments, the one ormore sensors can be optical sensors. Devices and processes other thanthe described secondary/parasitic drive device may be used to transferpower or motion from the powered roller platform 120 to the deliverycart roller platform.

In some embodiments, the delivery carts 22 can include a powered rollerplatform 120 as described for deck frame 76. In some embodiments, thedelivery cart powered roller platform can also include a power source,for example a rechargeable battery. In some embodiments, when thedelivery cart is aligned with the deck frame 76, the delivery cart 22docks or engages with a source providing electrical power to the poweredroller platform. In embodiments of independent activation of a deliverycart powered roller platform, the activation and movement of the rollerscan be coordinated through receipt of data signals received from thearrival area control system 118.

Referring back to FIGS. 3, 3A, 4, and 5, in some embodiments, thecontainer roller deck 70 includes an index table 150 for use in theautomated unloading cell 26. In some embodiments, the index table 150 isrotatably connected to the deck frame 76 and rotatable relative theretoabout an index table axis of rotation 158 (FIG. 6B). As illustrated inFIG. 5, the index table 150 includes an index table frame 154 including,for example longitudinal and lateral cross members providing a rigidplatform. As illustrated in FIGS. 3A, 4 and 5, in some embodiments, thecontainer roller deck 70 includes an index table base 156 for selectiveabutting engagement with the index table 150 as further described below.

Referring to FIGS. 3, 3A and 4, the index table 150 includes an indextable conveyor 160 operable to receive bags 23 released from thecontainer 18 positioned in the deck frame 76 as further described below.In some embodiments, the index table conveyor 160 is operable toautomatically, and selectively, advance or transfer the bag 23positioned on the conveyor 160 toward the first transfer device 30(FIGS. 2 and 6B).

In some embodiments, the index table 150, and the index table conveyor160 includes a plurality of individual index conveyors 160 (eight (8)shown) connected to the index table frame 154 and each rotatablerelative thereto. Each conveyor 160 is independently rotatable (oradvanceable) relative to the other conveyors 160 to selectively move oradvance a bag 23 positioned on a particular conveyor 160 relative to theother conveyors 160. This independent movement capability of eachconveyor 160 provides a high level of flexibility and control toselectively advance and position bags positioned on a specific conveyor160 as further described below.

In some embodiments, the conveyor 160, a continuous or endless belt isengaged with a drum roller (having integrated therein a motorized deviceoperable to turn the roller, and necessarily the belt) rotatablyconnected to the index table frame 154. In some embodiments, eachconveyor 160 includes a drum roller that is in hardwire or wirelesscommunication with the control system 118 to selectively activate orenergize the drum roller(s) to rotate and move or advance the respectivebelt relative to the index table frame 154, and other conveyors 160.

As illustrated in the FIGS. 3, 3A, exemplary use of the illustratedeight conveyors 160 are organized in four rows and two positions (afront and a rear). In some embodiments, a first row 162, a second row164, a third row 166 and a fourth row 168 are used. As illustrated, eachrow 162, 164, 166 and 168 row includes an individual belt in a frontposition 172 (positioned toward the first transfer device 30) and anindividual belt in a rear position 174. Selected activation ofindividual conveyors 160, in an individual row or pairs of rows 162,164, 166 and/or 168, and/or conveyors 160 in the front position 172and/or the rear position 174, may be utilized. Use of the disclosedplurality of oriented conveyors 160 provides flexibility and control inthe movement and transfer of bags 23 positioned on the conveyor(s) 160as further described below.

It is understood that the number, configuration, orientation,implementation, and construction of the described conveyors 160 can varyto suit the particular application and performance requirements. Forexample referring to FIG. 3A, conveyor 160 can in some embodiments takethe form of a single conveyor 160 (spanning all of the rows and thefront and rear positions as illustrated), two conveyors 160 positionedside by side (each spanning two rows and both the front 172 and rear 174positions), four conveyors positioned side by side (each spanning onerow and both the front 172 and rear 174 positions), two transverseconveyors 160 (each spanning all of the rows, but one in the frontposition 172 and one on the rear position). Other combinations andorientations of conveyors 160 to suit the particular application.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6A-C, as described above, the index table 150is pivotable and selectively rotatable about the axis of rotation 158relative to the deck frame 76. In some embodiments, the index table 150includes a first or vertical position 176 directly adjacent to the deckframe 76 as illustrated in FIG. 5. Index table 150 is positioned in thefirst position 176 when, for example, the deck frame 76 is in its firstposition 134 (FIG. 5) at the start of an unloading cycle when thecontainer 18 (shown in the form of a unit load device (ULD)) is moved bythe powered roller platform 120 into the deck frame 76. It is understoodthat the container 18 can take different forms than a ULD asillustrated. In some embodiments, baskets, pallets, trays and otherdevices suitable for supporting and containing the bags 23, or otherpackages or parcels in other applications, may be used.

As further described below, on activating/energizing the index tabledrive 114, the index table 150 may rotate relative to the deck frame 76from the first position 176 directly adjacent to the deck frame 76 to asecond position 178 as illustrated in FIG. 6B rotated away from the deckframe 76. In some embodiments, the index table 150 rotates 20-25 degreesrelative to the deck frame 76. In some embodiments, the index table 150in the second position 178 is in a substantially horizontal position andabuttingly engaged with the index base 156 and the index table stops180. Other angles, greater or lesser, and movements of the index table150 relative to the deck frame 76 may be used to suit the particularapplication.

Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, the automated unload station26 further includes safety fencing 182 positioned in selected placesalong the sides the deck frame 76 extending to the first transfer device30 as generally shown. Safety fencing 182 is used to prevent personnelfrom mistakenly entering the area between the deck frame 76 and thefirst transfer device 30 when the automated unloading cell is activatedor in an operable status. Other safety devices may be used.

Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2, n some embodiments, exemplary system 10includes a manual unloading cell 34 positioned in the baggage arrivalarea 16 downstream or upstream of the automated unloading cell 26. Insome embodiments, the manual unloading station 34 is used to unload bagsfrom the containers 18 that are not suitable for use in the automatedunloading cell 26. In some embodiments, the manual unloading station 34may be used to unload bags 23 that are not suitable for automatedunloading, for example oversized or odd sized-shaped bags. In someembodiments, the manual unloading station 34 can serve as a back-up orreserve unloading cell if problems arise in the automated unload cell26, for example a malfunction or scheduled maintenance.

In some embodiments, the delivery carts 22 are moved along path oftravel 24 and are generally positioned or aligned in the vicinity of themanual unload cell 34. In some embodiments, human operators remove thebags 23 from the container 18 and place them on the second transferdevice 38. In some embodiments, a level of automation, for examplerobotic assisted efforts or motions, for example removing or liftingbags from the container 18 to relieve difficult manual effort levels orergonomics may be used. In some embodiments, automated devices 188,including end effectors operable to engage bags 23, to assist the humanbag handlers move the bags 23 from the containers 18 onto the secondtransfer device 30 may be used. In some embodiments, the automateddevices 188 may include a pneumatic vacuum or suction end effector toengage individual bags 23. Alternate automated devices and/or endeffectors to suit the particular application may be used.

In some embodiments, the bags 23 positioned on the second transferdevice 38 are automatically moved downstream and merge with the firsttransfer device 30 to form a single transfer conveyor 40. On removal ofthe last bag 23 from the last container 18 of the last delivery cart 22,the transfer vehicle 20 leaves the baggage arrival area 16 to return tothe aircraft stand or other area to receive additional full containers18 for delivery to the arrival area 16 as described.

Referring to FIG. 7, a block diagram of an exemplary arrival area orcentral control system 118 is illustrated. The illustrated generalcontrol system hardware components together, or combined with additionalhardware, are useful for the control system 118, as well an individualdevice control systems described above. For example the powered rollerplatform control system 130 (as noted above 118, 118A, 130 and all othercontrol systems described herein are collectively referred to as controlsystem 118 for ease of description unless otherwise noted).

In some embodiments, the control system 118 includes a computing device,or multiple computing devices, working cooperatively. The exemplarycontrol system computing device includes common hardware components,including but not limited to, a processor 202, data memory storagedevice 204, one or more controllers (including but not limited toprogrammable logic controllers (PLC)) 206, signal transmitter andreceiver 208 for sending and receiving hardwire and wireless datasignals 220, actuators 210, and sensors 212. These hardware componentsare in data signal communication with one another, either through hardwire connections or wireless communication protocols, through a bus 218,or other suitable hardware. Other hardware components, includingadditional input and output devices 214, to suit the particularapplication and performance specifications may be used. Examples ofinput devices include, but not limited to, touch sensitive displaydevices, keyboards imaging devices and other devices that generatecomputer interpretable signals in response to user interaction. Examplesof output devices include, but not limited to, display screens,speakers, alert lights and other audio or visually perceptible devices.Control system 118 is powered by the power source 216.

Exemplary processor 202 can be any type of device that is able toprocess, calculate or manipulate information, including but not limitedto digital information that is currently known or may be developed inthe future. One example of a processor is a conventional centralprocessing unit (CPU). It is contemplated that multiple processors 202and servers may be needed to support 118. These may be on site at theairport, for example for security concerns, and/or in the “cloud” (cloudcomputing through remote servers and systems).

The exemplary data memory storage device 204 may include devices thatstore information, including but not limited to digital information, forimmediate or future use by the processor 202. Examples of memory storagedevices include either or both of random access memory (RAM) or readonly memory (ROM) devices. The memory storage device may storeinformation, such as program instructions that can be executed by theprocessor 202 and data that is stored by and recalled or retrieved bythe processor 202. Additionally, portions of the operating system forthe computational device and other applications can be stored in thedata memory storage device 204. Non-limiting examples of memory storagedevice 204 include a hard disk drive or a solid-state drive.Alternately, portions of the stored information may be stored in thecloud (remote storage devices or data centers) and selectively retrievedthrough wireless protocols.

In some embodiments, control system 118 includes a suitable softwareoperating system and preprogrammed software to execute predeterminedactions, functions or operations of the system 10 described herein. Theoperating system and software may be stored in the data memory storagedevice 204, and processed and executed by the processor 202 throughcontroller 206 and actuators 210. Other and/or alternate hardware and/orsoftware components may be used to suit the particular application orperformance specifications may be used.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an example of operation of system 10 isdisclosed in an example at an airport environment. A plurality of bags23 are loaded into a respective one of the container 18. Container 18 isloaded onto the delivery cart 22. It is understood that more than onecontainer can be included in each delivery cart 22. One or more deliverycarts 22 with a respective loaded container 18 are moved to the terminalbaggage arrival area 16 by a transfer vehicle 20 as described above.

Referring to FIG. 2, for containers 18 and/or bags 23 that are suitablefor automated unloading, the delivery cart 22 is moved into a positionadjacent to an automated unloading cell 26, and more particularly inalignment with the container roller deck 70 as described above. In someembodiments, container 18 is a ULD. Other bag containers 18 may be used.The container 18 is further aligned with deck frame 76 for receipt ofthe container 18 in deck frame 76. One or more sensors, for examplevision sensors or cameras may be used to monitor or verify when thedelivery cart and/or container 18 is in proper alignment, for examplealong the path of travel (x direction) and vertically (z direction) forproper transfer. The one or more sensors can transmit a data signal tothe control system 118, indicating that the delivery cart 22 and/or thecontainer 18 is in alignment with deck frame 76. The one or more sensorscan transmit the data signal to the delivery cart 22 and/or thecontainer 18 before the control system 118 sends a control signal to thepower roller platform 120 to initiate the transfer of the container 18from delivery cart 22 unto deck frame 76.

In some embodiments, the above-described secondary or parasitic drive issignaled by the control system 118 to extend and engage the cooperativereceptacle on the delivery cart roller platform as described above. Oninitiating or energizing of the powered roller platform 120 to beginmovement of the rollers 128, the secondary drive also rotates therollers on the roller platform on delivery cart 22 thereby laterallytransferring the container 18 from the delivery cart 22 into the deckframe 76. One or more sensors in communication with the area controlsystem 118 may be used to stop movement of the powered roller platformand lateral translation of the container 18. As described above, sensorsincluding, but not limited to vision or other sensing devices, may beused to verify the container 18 is positioned in the deck frame 76. Forinstance, the one or more sensors can determine when the container 18has been successfully transferred from the delivery cart 22 into thedeck frame 76 by detecting when the container 18 interferes with lightproduced by one or more optical sensors as the container 18 is movedfrom the delivery cart 22 to the deck frame 76. In some embodiments, oneor more sensors, readers or vision systems may be used to scan orotherwise read an identification unique to the container to positivelyidentify the container 18 to, for example, verify the container or bagsfrom a certain flight number or other metric.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the container stops 96, and upperlongitudinal cross member 84A, are used to prevent lateral axis 84 overtravel of the container 18 in the deck frame 76. One or more sensors orvision systems in communication with the container roller deck controlsystem 118 may be used to verify the container 18 is properly positionedin deck frame 76 (as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6C). In this position, thedeck frame 76 is in the first position 134 and the index table 150 is inthe first position 170 (vertical) as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6C.

In some embodiments, system 10 and the container roller deck 70, onverification by the container roller deck control system 118 that thecontainer 18 is properly positioned within deck frame 76, and forexample, that the index table 150 is in the first position 176, thecontrol system 118 may send an electronic signal to the deck frame drive116 to rotate the deck frame 76 from the first position 134 to thesecond position 136 as shown in FIG. 6A. In the example second position136 shown in FIG. 6A, the deck frame 76 is rotated about 65-70 degrees.In some embodiments, the second position is about 45, 55, 75, 80, 85 or90 degrees. It is understood that a greater or lesser angle of rotationmay be used to suit the application and performance.

In some embodiments, rotation of the deck frame 76 and the container 18from the first position 134 to the second position 136 as shown in FIG.6A, the index table 150 remains in the first position 176 directlyadjacent to the deck frame 76 to keep the bags 23 from releasing orexiting from the container 18. In some embodiments, an open side of thecontainer 18, on reaching the second position 136, most, if not all of,the bags 23 are no longer supported by the container 18 and by the forceof gravity, are positioned on, and substantially supported by, the indextable 150. One or more sensors and/or vision systems may be used toverify that the deck frame 76 is in the second position 136 and signalthe control system 118. The one or more sensors and/or vision systemscan include one or more optical sensors.

Referring to the FIG. 6B, on verification by the control system 118 thatthe deck frame 76 is positioned in the second position 136, the controlsystem 118 signals or otherwise activates the index table drive 114 torotate the index table from the first position 176 to the secondposition 178 (substantially horizontal in some embodiments) toabuttingly engage the index base 156 and the stop 180 as generallyshown. In some embodiments, the index table 150 rotates away from itsfirst position 176 about 25-30 degrees. It is understood that greater orlesser angles of rotation may be used to suit the application.

As illustrated in FIG. 6B, in some embodiments, one or more sensors(including vision camera devices) detect and/or verify that the deckframe 76 has reached the second position 136 and signal the controlsystem 118. On such verification, transfer of the bags 23 from the indextable 150 can begin as discussed below. The one or more sensors and/orvision systems can include one or more optical sensors.

After verifying that the deck frame 76 is in the second position 136,and the index table 150 is in the second position 178, the controlsystem 118 can send signals or otherwise activate the deck frame drive114 to rotate the deck frame 76 from the second position 136 to thethird position 138 as described above. In some embodiments, the thirdposition 138 is about 20-25 degrees from the second position 136. Insome embodiments, the third position 138 may be about 5, 10, 15, 20, 35,45 or 55 degrees, and positions in between, from the second position136. This exemplary rotation from the second position 136 to the thirdposition 138 is advantageous for a more controlled deposit and placementof the plurality of bags 38 on index table 150.

It is understood that angles greater or lesser than the examplesprovided may be used to suit the particular application. One or moresensors, including, but not limited to vision systems, can be used todetect or verify that the deck frame 76 is positioned in the thirdposition 138 and send a signal to the control system 118. It is furtherunderstood that rotation from the second position 136 to the thirdposition 138 can be eliminated and the deck frame 76 can be rotated fromthe second position 136 back to the first position 134 as describedbelow. It is also understood that additional positions, for example, afourth or more positions positioned at angles between the third 138 andfirst 134 positions may be used.

In some embodiments, the container roller deck 70 as illustrated inFIGS. 6B and 6C, based on a desired condition, or other metric, thecontrol system 118 can send an electronic signal to the deck frame drive116 to return the deck frame 76 from the second position 136 back to thefirst position 134 as illustrated in FIG. 6C. While the deck frame 76rotates from the second position 136 to the first position 134, and fromthe third position 138 back to the first position 134, the index table150 remains in the second position 178 as illustrated in FIG. 6B(thereby allowing the deck frame 76 to rotate relative to the indextable 150). One or more sensors (including vision camera devices) maydetect that deck frame 76 has reached the first position 134 and signalthe area control system 118 to verify the deck frame position.

On detection or verification through one or more sensors, including, butnot limited to one or more position sensors, for example an encoder or aswitch, one or more optical sensors, or vision systems, that the deckframe 76 has returned to the first position 134, the control system 118sends control signals to the powered roller platform 120 and thedelivery cart roller platform, that cause the roller platform 120 andthe delivery cart roller, to activate which initiates rotation of therespective platform rollers in the opposite direction to return thecontainer 18 back onto the delivery cart 22 in a manner previouslydescribed. This returning of the container 18 to the delivery cart 22may occur prior to, or simultaneous with the advancement of bags fromthe index table 150 as described below.

Referring to FIGS. 6B and 3A (no bags shown in FIG. 3A for ease ofillustration), due to the force of gravity, the bags 23 are oftendeposited across several of the plurality of conveyors 160 (exemplaryeight conveyors 160 shown as described above). In some embodiments, itis advantageous for further travel along first transfer device 30, thetransfer conveyor 40, the bag scanning system 44, and for securityscreening by screening device 46, if each bag is positioned sequentially(one after another in a single file line) on the first transfer device30 (versus overlapping or bunched/stacked atop one another). It isfurther advantageous, for the bag scanning array and security screeningby device 46, if each bag 23 is separated by a predetermined distancefrom the adjacent upstream and downstream bag 23.

To aid in separating the bags 23 positioned atop of the index table 150,the conveyor 160 aids in separating the bags 23 a desired or selectabledistance on the first transfer device 30. One or more of the individualconveyors 160 may be activated and advanced to selectively andsequentially move the bags 23 from the index table 150 onto the firsttransfer device 30. In some embodiments, where one or more bags aredeposited on one or more of the conveyors 160 positioned on the frontbelts (area 172), one or more of the conveyors 160 positioned in thefront belt area may be activated to advance the bags 23 positioned onthese respective conveyors 160 closest to the first transfer device 30to orderly and sequentially begin moving the bags 23 off the index table150. In some embodiments, the conveyors 160 positioned in the front beltarea 172 may be activated to selectively advance the bags 23 positionedonly on those belts while bags 23 positioned on the other conveyors 160positioned in the front belt area 172 remain stationary. For instance,simultaneously activating the conveyor 160 positioned in first row162/front belt 172 and third row 166/front belt 172 serves to advancebags that are already separated by a distance when those bags 23 aredeposited on first transfer device 30. Following advancement and depositof these bags, the conveyors 160 are stopped and the other conveyors,for example, second row 164/front belt 172 and fourth row 168/first belt172 may be simultaneously activated to sequentially advance bagspositioned on those conveyors in the same manner achieving the sameadvantages as described. Once all the bags 23 have been advanced fromthe conveyors 160 positioned in the first belt area 172, the process cancontinue for the conveyors 160 positioned in the rear belt area 174.

It is understood that individual and coordinated activation of theconveyors 160 may vary depending on various metrics, for example how thebags have deposited and/or spread out across the index table 150 acrossmultiple conveyors 160. As mentioned, the activation and advancement ofthe conveyors 160 is achieved through receipt of hardwire or wirelesssignals from the area control system 118.

In some embodiments, detection by one or more sensors, for examplevision camera devices, and analysis by control system 118 determineswhich of the conveyors 160 is activated and when. For example, followingrotation of the deck frame 76 to the third position 138 and/or back tothe first position 134, a vison device camera may image the spread andlocation of the bags 23 across index table 150 and send data associatedwith the imaged spread and location of bags 23, to control system 118.In turn, for example, the data is analyzed by software programs and asequence of activation of the conveyors 160 in the manner describedabove takes place. The data can be processed by the processor 202, savedin memory 204, and executed to optimize advancement of the bags 23 fromthe index table 150 to the first transfer device 30 to maximize theabove mentioned advantages, for example sequential order and separationof the bags 23. As mentioned above certain metrics can be used todetermine how to optimize the advancement of the bags 23 from the indextable 150 to the first transfer device 30. Exemplary metrics can includethe size of the bag (e.g., length, width, height), the orientation ofthe bag with respect to a perpendicular and horizontal plane, theproximity of the bag relative to other bags, the position of the bag onconveyors 160. For example, the processor 202 can be programmed todetermine an objective function that is associated with the timing ofadvancing the bags 23 from the first row of the index table 150 to thefirst transfer device 30, which is based on a set of constraintsassociated with one or more of the above metrics.

In some embodiments, predetermined individual or coordinated conveyoractivation sequences which have been, for example, tested and proven toachieve one or more desired metrics, for example, sequential order anddistance between bags 23 on first transfer device 30, could be prestoredin the memory device 204 and executed by processor 202 to independentlyactivate, or through coordinated activation, one or more conveyors 160in the manner described above. Other devices and methods used toselectively activate conveyors 160 to achieve the above-identifiedadvantages, or other advantages.

On advancement of all of the bags 23 from the index table 150 to thefirst transfer device 30, verification that all of the bags 23 have beenremoved may be made by one or more sensors 212 (including vision cameradevices) and the verification signaled to the area control system 118.Referring to FIG. 6C, on verification that all of the bags 23 have beencleared from index table 150, the control system 118 signals orotherwise activates the index table drive 114 to rotate index table 150from the second position 178 back to the first position 176 as generallyshown. Other devices and methods, for example, switches and encoders maybe used to verify and return the index table 150 to the first position176. On verification that the index table 150 is positioned at the firstposition 176, the container roller deck 70 is ready to begin the processof accepting another container 18 as described above.

As described above, once the container 18 has been transferred andverified to be positioned back on the delivery cart 22, in one example,the transfer vehicle 20 moves the delivery cart 22 to the manualunloading area 34 to, for example, verify that no bags 23 remain in thecontainer 18. If additional connected delivery carts 22 include bags tobe unloaded in the manual unloading station 34, that delivery cart 22 ispositioned in the manual unloading area and unloaded as described above.

Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, use of one or more singulationconveyors 190, (four shown) is illustrated. In some embodiments, use ofsingulation conveyors are used to further separate, increase thedistance between, the sequentially positioned bags 23 traveling alongthe first travel device 30 (advantages described above, for example thebag scanning array and security screening). In some embodiments, one ormore (four shown) singulation conveyors 190 are positioned along, anddisrupting, the path of travel of first travel device 30, for example inthe form of a continuous belt conveyor. In some embodiments, one or allof the singulation conveyors 190 may be positioned along the transferconveyor 40 (FIGS. 1 and 2).

In some embodiments, each singulation conveyor of the singulationconveyors 190, may consist of a drum motor (described above forconveyors 160), or electric motors and related devices. One or moresensors may monitor metrics of the conveyor, for example rate ofadvancement, and convey that data through hardwire or wireless signalsto a conveyor control system 118B. Conveyor control system 118B mayinclude one or more of the components in FIG. 7 as well as software andoperating systems generally described herein for area or central controlsystem 118.

In some embodiments, each of the singulation conveyors of thesingulation conveyor 190 is an independently controllable conveyor beltfrom the other conveyors of the singulation conveyor 190, and the firsttransfer device 30. In some embodiments, the velocity or rate ofadvancement (feet or meters/minute) of the singulation conveyor 190 isdifferent from the rate of advancement of the first transfer device 30to selectively separate the bags 23, or increase the distance betweenadjacent bags, to achieve a predetermined distance, or a preferred orworkable distance, for example ensuring there is at least a small lineardistance separation between adjacent bags 23 for bag scanning andsecurity screening purposes.

In some embodiments, the singulation conveyor 190 can include a singleconveyor that has a constant rate of advancement that is greater thanthe rate of advancement of the first transfer device 30. For the bag 23passing from the slower first transfer device 30 to the faster movingsingulation conveyor 190, there imparts a greater linear distancebetween the bag 23 that is on the singulation conveyor 190, and anotherbag that is upstream from the bag 23, that is on first transfer device30. Use of additional numbers of conveyors 190 positioned sequentiallyprovides more flexibility to impart a desired distance between thesequentially moving bags 23.

In some embodiments, the rate of advancement of the conveyor 190 can berapidly varied to adjust to the oncoming distance between the bags 23 tofurther achieve the desired distance between bags. In one example,sensors (including a vision camera device) may monitor and detect thedistance between adjacent bags, or bags 23 that are positioned parallel,or side by side, on first transfer device 30, and send a control signalto the control system 118. The received control signal can be analyzedby software stored in memory 204, and calculations made by processor 202can cause the control system 118 to send a control signal to theconveyor 190 to actively adjust the rate of advancement of the conveyor190 to better achieve a desired distance between bags 23. Other devices,for example different numbers of conveyors 190 and their positions alongfirst travel device 30, and methods for singulation conveyor 190 may beused.

In some embodiments, a baggage orientation device may be positionedalong the path of travel of the first transfer device 30 or the firsttransfer conveyor 40 to further reorient and separate the bags 23 thatare not sequentially positioned and/or do not have a predeterminedseparation distance between the bags 23. In some embodiments of abaggage orientation device, a sensor, including but not limited to avision system, is used to detect bags traveling along transfer device 30or conveyor 40 that do not have a desired separation. In someembodiments, the sensor can include an optical sensor. In someembodiments, two narrow singulation conveyors positioned side by sidecan be used to separate bags positioned side by side. In someembodiments, one or both of the side by side conveyors haveindependently controlled rates of advancement as described above forsingulation conveyors 190.

On detection by sensors or vision system of two bags 23 that arepositioned side by side (and will each travel over one of the side byside orientation device belts) one of the orientation device belts rateof advancement can be different than the other side by side orientationbelt to create a separation or distance between the bags.

Referring to FIG. 2, in some embodiments, system 10 includes a bagscanning system 44 positioned along the path of travel of the transferconveyor 40 as generally shown. In some embodiments, the bag scanningsystem 44 can be a multi-sensor or multi-beam optical scanning arrayoperable to scan or read predetermined metrics, for example the bag tag,including for example a bar code, QR code or RFID tag, attached by theairline to each bag including a unique identification number. Data reador otherwise obtained by the bag scanning system 44 can be communicatedto the control system 118 to register or verify the bag 23 has beenreceived back into system 10 or a larger central airport control system.In some embodiments, the scanned data for a particular bag can bereferenced against other data previously recorded for that metric to,for example, identify suspicious differences between the present dataand prior data. Other metrics can be scanned or otherwise obtained, forexample, verifying the bag is from a particular flight number, and/orpassenger class of service or special reward program status handling, sothe bag can be selectively directed to the proper bag carousel 58 orother designated area. Other devices, processes and data for bagscanning system 44 to suit the particular application may be used.

In some embodiments, following passage of bags 23 through the bagscanning system 44, a manual bag tagging station may be used. In someembodiments, if a bag passes through the bag scanning system 44 withouta bag tag (or other identification tag such as a radio frequency ID(RFID) tag), the bag may be removed or otherwise re-routed to analternate conveyor or station where a separate or special tag may beattached. This special tag can be used later in the process to identifythis particular bag of interest, for example additional screening orsecurity inspection prior to delivery to a bag carousel 58.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, system 10 includes abaggage screening area or device, for example screening system 46positioned along the path of travel of the transfer conveyor 40 asgenerally shown. Although the arrival of bags having already beencleared from dangerous materials prior to loading onto an airplane,often arrival bags are again screened for other materials, for examplecontraband, before delivery to passengers. Other reasons for screeningmay include security, revenue protection or other protocols defined bylocal authorities for law enforcement or public protection.

Exemplary screening system 46 is in communication with control system118 and be remotely monitored. Screening system 46 may use, for examplex-ray, computerized tomography (CT), or other devices and methods. Insome embodiments, screening system 46 may selectively be activated ordeactivated to screen the bags 23 based on the incoming flight and/orbags, security status conditions or levels at the airport 14 and otherfactors. Other baggage screening devices, locations, and processes, forexample customs or other law enforcement procedures, may be used to suitthe particular application and performance specifications.

Referring to FIG. 1, in some embodiments, following passage or clearanceby the baggage screening system 46, the plurality of bags 23 areadvanced along the transfer conveyor 40 toward bag carousels 58 forpick-up or reacquisition by passengers. In some embodiments, a carouseldiverter device (generally 50) is used to divert and direct the bags 23to a designated carousel 58, for example designated by flight number. Insome embodiments, the diverter device 50 includes a multi-positionalgate which is in communication with the control system 118, which incombination with an actuator 210 connected to the gate, controls theposition of the gate, for example to selectively divert bags to certainof the three carousels 58 shown in FIG. 1. In some embodiments, thesystem is not associate with any bag carousels.

In some embodiments, scanned data from the bag data tag may be used todirect the position of the diverter to direct bags on the transferconveyor from different flights to the proper designated carousel forthat particular flight. In some embodiments, the bags 23 that arescanned and specially tagged as bags of interest noted above may bediverted to a special area where additional security or inspectionprocesses may be executed. In some embodiments, the specially taggedbags of interest may sound an alarm when the bag is retrieved andcrosses through a certain area to alert security officials. Othermetrics that may be used by device 50 to sort or specially directscanned bags to a carousel 58, or other designated area, includepassenger class of service, frequent flyer program status, and othermetrics. Other devices and methods for sorting and/or diverting bags 23to a previously designated carousel 58 (or other destination) may beused.

Once past diverter device 50, the bags 23 travel along respectivecarousel feed conveyors 54 for delivery to the predetermined carousel 58(or other destination) for pick-up by passengers.

Referring to FIG. 8, in some embodiments, a method 400 for unloadingbags from a transit vehicle to a transit terminal is illustrated. In oneapplication, the transit vehicle is a passenger or cargo airplane andthe transit terminal is an airport baggage terminal where passengerspick-up or reacquire their checked bags.

In one application in an airport environment, one or more containers 18are filled, or partially filled, with a plurality of bags 23 unloadedfrom an airplane. If a large airplane in which containers 18 in the formof ULDs travel in the airplane baggage hold, the ULD containers 18 areunloaded from the plane and loaded onto the travel carts 22. In smallerairplanes, the bags 23 may be manually unloaded from the plane andmanually loaded into the container 18 (for example a ULD) and positionedon the travel cart 22.

In step 405, one or more of the delivery carts 22 each carrying one ormore of the containers 18 housing a plurality of the bags 23 is drivenor delivered by the transport vehicle 20 to the terminal bag arrivalarea 16 as described above.

In step 410A, if the container 18 and the bags 23 housed therein aresuitable for automated unloading, the travel cart 22 and the onboardcontainer 18 is positioned adjacent to the automated unloading cell 26and further aligned with the container roller deck 70 for automatedunloading of the container 18 as described above. Sensors may be used toalign the container with the deck frame 76 as described above.

In some embodiments, a step 410B, takes place. If the container 18 oronboard bags 23 are not suitable for automated unloading in theautomated unloading cell 26, the container 18 is delivered to the manualunloading cell 34 for manual or semi-automated unloading of the bags asdescribed above.

In step 415, in the automated unloading cell 26, the loaded container 18is transferred from the travel cart 20 to the deck frame 76. In someembodiments, the powered roller platform 120 on the deck frame 76coordinates advancement of the container 18 with a roller platform onthe travel cart 22 to laterally transfer the container 18 from thetravel cart 22 into the deck frame 76 as described above. In someembodiments, a secondary or parasitic drive-type device may be used toprovide power or rotation to the delivery cart roller platform.Activation and advancement of the powered roller platform 120 may becontrolled by the control system 118 described above (which includes thelocal or area control systems, and device control systems describedherein) and generally illustrated in FIG. 7. Sensors may be used incommunication with the control system 118 may confirm or verify thecontainer 18 is properly positioned in the deck frame 76.

In some embodiments, the deck frame 76 includes an index table 150rotatably connected to the deck frame 76. In step 420, the deck frame 76is automatically rotated by a deck frame drive 116 from a first position134 to a second position 136 as described above. On or about reachingthe second position 136, the plurality of bags 23 are released ordislodged from the container 18, for example by gravity force, andpositioned on the index table 150 as described above. Sensors may beused to detect or determine if the bags have been released or existedfrom the container.

The deck frame 76 is then rotated from second position 136 to the thirdposition 138 and then back to first position 134 as described above. Theindex table 150 supporting the deposited bags remains in the secondposition 178 as described above.

In step 425, the container 18 is then transferred from the deck frame 76back to the delivery cart 22 through use of the powered roller platform120, as described above. The one or plurality of connected, deliverycarts 22 can then be advanced and the next delivery cart 22 with acontainer 18 suitable for automated unloading can be positioned andaligned with the container rolling deck 70 while the bags aretransferred from the index table 150. Alternately, the delivery cart 22with the empty container is transferred to the manual unloading station34 as described above. In an example where multiple carts 22 areconnected together, a sensor or vision system will detect when the lastcart 22 in the connected line has received the returned container 18,and the sensor or vision system can send a signal to the control systemthat the line of connected carts can be moved to the manual unloadingarea in the manner described above.

In step 430, using index table 150 described above, a plurality ofindependently operable conveyors 160 are individually, or in acoordinated fashion, selectively advanced to selectively transfer bagspositioned on the index table 150 onto the first transfer device 30 asdescribed above. One or more sensors (including vision systems) and acontrol system may be used to actively determine the sequence ofactivations of the respective conveyors 160 to efficiently transfer thebags 23 from the index table 150 to the first transfer device 30.Alternately, preprogramed and stored sequences of conveyor 160activations may be used as described above. It is understood that step430 can occur simultaneously with step 425.

In step 435, in part through use of selective activation of conveyors160 in step 430, the bags 23 deposited on the first transfer device 30may be sequenced and/or singulated to provide a predetermined orpreferred linear distance between adjacent bags 23 on the first transferdevice 30 as described above. As noted above, one or more singulationconveyors 190 may be used. As noted above additional bag singulation orreorientation devices may also be used to separate the bags 23.

In optional step 440, the bags 23 traveling on the transfer conveyor 40may pass through a bag scanning system 44 as described above.Optionally, the bag 23 then pass through a baggage screening system 46to check for predetermined, illicit and/or hazardous bag contents asdescribed above. Alternately, or in addition to, the screening devicemay scan the bag for additional data, for example the airline bag datatag attached to the bag 23, to assist sorting and/or routing the bag toa final destination area, for example bag carousels 58. The screeningdevice 46 can be selectively activated to screen certain groups orflights of bags to meet security levels or other revenue or lawenforcement protocols.

In some embodiments, a step 450 is included. In step 450, the bags 23are transferred to predetermined or designated bag carousels 58 asdescribed above. In some embodiments, a diverter 50 is used toselectively direct the bags 23 to a predetermined carousel, for exampleby flight number.

It is understood that method 400 can include additional steps, changethe order of steps, and remove steps from that described and illustratedto suit the particular application and performance specifications.

While the disclosure has been described in connection with certainembodiments, it is to be understood that what is taught herein is not tobe limited to the disclosed embodiments but, on the contrary, isintended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangementsincluded within the scope of the appended claims, which scope is to beaccorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all suchmodifications and equivalent structures as is permitted under the law.

What is claimed is:
 1. A handling system, the system comprising: anautomated bag unloading cell; a container roller deck positioned in theautomated unloading cell, the roller deck comprising: a deck base; adeck frame operable to selectively support and transfer a containerhousing a bag or parcel, the deck frame selectively rotatable about adeck frame axis of rotation relative to the roller deck base, the deckframe operable to selectively release the bag or parcel from thecontainer; an index table in communication with the deck frame, theindex table operable to receive the bag or parcel released from thecontainer, the index table including at least one index table conveyoroperable to selectively advance the bag or parcel from the index tableto a first transfer device.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the indextable is rotatably connected to the deck frame, the index tableindependently rotatable relative to the deck frame about an index tableaxis of rotation.
 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the index tableincludes a plurality of index table conveyors, each of the plurality ofindex table conveyors independently advances relative to each of theother plurality of index table conveyors.
 4. The system of claim 3,wherein the plurality of index conveyors comprises at least a first anda second row of conveyors, each of the first and the second row ofconveyors further comprising a front conveyor and a rear conveyor, thefront conveyor positioned adjacent to the first transfer device and incommunication with the rear conveyor.
 5. The system of claim 1, whereinthe index table comprises a plurality of index table conveyors, each ofthe plurality of index table conveyors independently advanceablerelative to the other.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the deck framefurther comprises a powered roller platform operable to selectivelysupport and transfer the container between the deck frame and a deliverycart.
 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the container roller deckfurther comprises a secondary drive device operable to selectivelyengage the delivery cart to assist in the transfer of the containerbetween the delivery cart and the deck frame.
 8. The system of claim 1,wherein the first transfer device further comprises a transfer beltconveyor in communication with the automated bag unloading, the transferbelt conveyor having a first rate of advancement.
 9. The system of claim8 further comprising: a singulation belt conveyor in communication withthe transfer belt conveyor, the singulation belt conveyor having asecond selectively variable rate of advancement relative to the firstrate of advancement of the transfer belt conveyor, and operable toestablish a desired distance between the plurality of bags travelingalong the transfer belt conveyor.
 10. The system of claim 8 furthercomprising, a scanning system in communication with the transfer beltconveyor operable to selectively scan predetermined metrics of each ofthe plurality of bags traveling on the transfer belt conveyor.
 11. Thesystem of claim 1 further comprising, a manual bag unloading cell incommunication with a second transfer device, the second transfer devicein communication with the first transfer device.
 12. An automatedcontainer roller deck for use in unloading bags or parcels from acontainer to a first transfer device, the container roller deckcomprising: a base positioned in an automated unloading cell; a deckframe operable to selectively support and transfer a container housing abag or parcel, the deck frame selectively rotatable about a deck frameaxis of rotation relative to the base, the deck frame operable toselectively release the bag or parcel from the container; an index tablein communication with the deck frame, the index table operable toreceive the bag or parcel released from the container, the index tableincluding at least one index table conveyor operable to selectivelyadvance the bag or parcel from the index table to a first transferdevice.
 13. A method for unloading bags or parcels from a vehicle, themethod comprising the steps of: transferring a container housing a bagor parcel from a mobile platform to a container roller deck positionedin an automated unloading cell, the container roller deck having a deckframe operable to support the container and rotatable relative to acontainer roller deck base; rotating the deck frame from a firstposition to a second position relative to the container roller deck baseabout an deck frame axis of rotation; depositing the bag or parcel ontoan index table; and selectively transferring the bag or parcel from theindex table to a first transfer device.
 14. The method of claim 13,wherein the index table is connected to and rotatable relative to thedeck frame, the method further comprises: rotating the deck frame fromthe second position to the first position, the index table remaining ina substantially horizontal position as the deck frame rotates relativeto the index table to the first position.
 15. The method of claim 13,wherein the index table further comprises at least a first index tableconveyor that advances independently of a second index table conveyor,and selectively transferring the bag or parcel from the index table tothe first transfer device further comprises: selectively advancing oneof the first or the second index table conveyors to move the bag orparcel positioned on the first index table conveyor to establish adesired distance between the bag or parcel from another bag or parcel asthe bag or parcel and the other bag or parcel travel along the firsttransfer device.
 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the first transferdevice further comprises a singulation conveyor, the method furthercomprising: separating each of the bags or parcels positioned on thefirst transfer device by a desired distance using the singulationconveyor.
 17. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable instructions therein, which when executed by atleast one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform theoperations of: transferring a container housing a bag or parcel from adelivery cart to a container roller deck positioned in an automatedunloading cell, the container roller deck having a deck frame operableto support the container and rotatable relative to a container rollerdeck base; rotating the deck frame from a first position to a secondposition relative to the container roller deck base about an deck frameaxis of rotation; depositing the bag or parcel onto an index table; andselectively transferring the bag or parcel from the index table to afirst transfer device.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium17, wherein the at least one processor is further programmed to performthe operations of: rotating the deck frame from the second position tothe first position, the index table remaining in a substantiallyhorizontal position as the deck frame rotates relative to the indextable to the first position, and wherein the index table is connected toand rotatable relative to the deck frame.
 19. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the index table furthercomprises a first index table conveyor that advances independently of asecond index table conveyor, and selectively transferring the bag orparcel from the index table to the first transfer device, and the atleast one processor is further programmed to perform the operations of:selectively advancing one of the first or the second index tableconveyors to move the bag or parcel positioned on the first index tableconveyor to establish a desired distance between the bag or parcel fromanother bag or parcel as the bags or parcels travel along the firsttransfer device.
 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium ofclaim 17, wherein the first transfer device further comprises asingulation conveyor, and the at least one processor is furtherprogrammed to perform the operations of: separating each of a pluralityof bags positioned on the first transfer device by a desired distanceusing the singulation conveyor.